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目的：分析护膝紧度对前交叉韧带重建（anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction,ACLR）篮球爱好者完成侧切动作时主观舒适性和下肢生物力学特征的影响，探讨护膝紧度对ACL损伤防护的潜在影响。方法：15名右侧ACLR(26个月内)的男性篮球爱好者，以裸膝和佩戴低、中、高紧度（皮肤表面压强：大腿及小腿1.68、2.40、3.12 kPa；膝部1.89、2.70、3.51 kPa）护膝完成侧切动作测试，通过气囊式压力测试仪调整紧度。采用目测类比评分评估主观舒适性。使用8镜头红外动作捕捉系统和三维测力台采集下肢运动学和动力学数据。使用无线表面肌电采集重建侧股直肌、半腱肌、股二头肌、腓肠肌内侧头和腓肠肌外侧头的表面肌电信号。采用单因素重复测量方差分析检验护膝紧度对各指标的影响。结果：1）舒适性指标方面，佩戴高紧度护膝比低紧度束缚舒适性更好（P<0.05）；高紧度和中紧度比低紧度整体更舒适（P<0.05）。2）在完成侧切动作的水平向后地面反作用力第一峰值时刻，佩戴高紧度护膝时，髋关节屈曲角度小于中紧度护膝和裸膝（P<0.05），髋关节内旋角度（P<0.01）、膝关节伸展力矩小于裸膝（P<0.05）。3）在侧切动作支撑期，佩戴中紧度和高紧度护膝时膝关节最大内旋力矩大于佩戴低紧度护膝（P<0.05）。结论：佩戴较高紧度护膝时，男性ACLR篮球爱好者获得更好的主观舒适性体验，且侧切动作水平向后地面反作用力第一峰值时刻的髋关节屈曲角度、髋关节内旋角度和膝关节伸展力矩更小，较高紧度护膝可能具有更好的ACL损伤防护效果。
Abstract：Objective: To analyz the effects of knee brace tightness on subjective comfort and lower limb biomechanical characteristics during side-cutting movemonts in male basketball enthusiasts with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction(ACLR), and explore the potential impact of knee brace tightness on ACL injury protection. Methods: Fifteen male basketball enthusiasts with right-sided(within 26 months) performed side-cutting tests with bare knee and wearing low-, medium-, and high-tightness knee braces levels(skin surface pressure value: thigh and calf pressures of 1.68, 2.40, and 3.12 kPa; knee pressures of 1.89, 2.70, and 3.51 kPa). The tightness was adjusted using an airbag pressure testing device. Subjective comfort was assessed via a visual analog scale. Lower limb kinematics and kinetics were collected using an 8-camera infrared motion capture system and a three-dimensional force plate. The surface electromyography signals of the rectus femoris, semitendinosus, biceps femoris, medial gastrocnemius, and lateral gastrocnemius were collected by the wireless surface electromyography(sEMG) for the model reconstruction. One-way repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare the indices across knee brace tightness levels. Results: 1) In the subjective comfort indicators, high-tightness knee braces were perceived as less restrictive than low-tightness knee brace(P<0.05), and both high-tightness and medium-tightness knee braces were rated as overall more comfortable than low-tightness knee braces(P<0.05). 2) At the first peak time of horizontal backward ground reaction force during side-cutting movements with high-tightness knee braces, the hip flexion angle was smaller compared to medium-tightness knee brace and bare knee conditions(P<0.05), hip internal rotation angle was smaller than with bare knees(P<0.01), knee extension torque was smaller compared to bare knees(P<0.05). 3) During the stance phase of side-cutting movemonts, maximum knee internal rotation torque with medium-tightness and high-tightness knee braces were greater than that with low-tightness(P<0.05). Conclusions: Wearing higher-tightness knee braces provides better subjective comfort for male ACLR basketball enthusiasts during side-cutting movemonts, with smaller hip flexion angle, hip internal rotation angle, and knee extension moment at the first peak time of horizontal backward ground reaction force. Higher-tightness knee braces may offer better protective effects against ACL injury.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16470/j.csst.2025069
中图分类号:G841;G804.6
引用信息:
[1]万洋,郑志艺,曾全寿,等.不同紧度护膝对男性ACL重建篮球爱好者侧切动作下肢生物力学特征及主观舒适性的影响[J].中国体育科技,2025,61(12):37-45.DOI:10.16470/j.csst.2025069.
基金信息:
安踏（中国）有限公司横向项目（ATETYB202306007）
2025-12-15
2025-12-15