中国体育科技

通过系统梳理中国钢架雪车队10年来在组队选材、技术创新、训练体系与管理模式等方面的经验实践与工作成效，探讨多维因素对项目跨越式发展的作用，旨在为2026年米兰冬奥会备战提供可操作的对策建议。基于国内外相关文献、国际雪车和钢架雪车联合会官方竞赛与积分数据并结合中国钢架雪车队伍往年训练监测数据与实地访谈，采用阶段回顾、案例分析与对比研究相结合的方法，将中国钢架雪车队发展划分为起步阶段（2015—2017赛季）、突破阶段（2018—2021赛季）与成熟阶段（2022—2024赛季），分别分析各阶段在跨项选材、器材及技术革新、科学训练与综合保障体系构建等方面的关键措施与成效。研究认为：1）跨项选材战略持续优化，形成“全国招募—多维测试—精准评价”模式，支撑了从零基础到多项世界冠军的运动员梯队建设；2）风洞、仿生材料、VR结合六自由度仿真等高端技术与器材的引入，实现了推橇启动与滑行效率的显著提升；3）以体能-技术-康复-心理-营养五维集成的复合型团队运作，保障了训练与竞赛的持续高效；4）数据化监控与AI辅助决策平台的应用，提升了训练过程与赛道分段分析精度，为决策提供了实时支撑。研究建议：持续推进跨项选材机制常态化，青少年梯队体系与女子项目专项支持；聚焦推橇-滑行一体化技术突破与高性能器材仿生创新，强化虚拟现实与反应式模拟训练；构建融合康复、体能与科研的智能训练调整系统，完善赛时多学科联动与数据驱动决策机制，形成覆盖选材、训练、保障、参赛全流程的科学化体系。

This study systematically reviews the Chinese national skeleton team's practices and achievements over the past decade in athlete recruitment and selection, technological innovation, training systems, and management models. It examines how these multidimensional factors have driven rapid progress in the program and offers actionable recommendations for preparation for the Milan Winter Olympics. Based on a comprehensive review of domestic and international literature, official competition and ranking data of International Bobsleigh and Skeleton Federation, combined with the training monitoring data of the team in previous years and field interviews, this study adopts a method combining stage review, case analysis and comparative study. The development trajectory is divided into three phases—Initiation(2015—2017 seasons), Breakthrough(2018—2021 seasons), and Maturation(2022—2024 seasons). For each phase, it analyzes key measures and outcomes in cross-discipline athlete selection, equipment and technology innovation, scientific training, and the construction of comprehensive support systems. The study concludes with targeted insights for the 2026 Milan Winter Olympic Games. It suggests that: 1) A continuously optimized cross-discipline selection strategy—characterized by “A nationwide talent identification framework combining comprehensive testing with precise evaluation”—has underpinned the progression from zero-experience recruits to multiple world champions. 2) The adoption of advanced technologies and equipment—including wind tunnels, biomimetic materials, and six-degree-of-freedom VR simulation—has markedly improved pushstart performance and sliding efficiency. 3) A multidimensional, integrated team model encompassing physical conditioning, technical coaching, rehabilitation, psychological support, and nutrition has ensured sustained effectiveness in both training and competition. 4) The implementation of digital monitoring and AI-assisted decision-making platforms has enhanced the precision of segmented training and track analysis, providing real-time support for strategic choices. Research recommendations: Continuously advance the normalization of cross-discipline talent selection mechanisms, youth development systems, and specialized support for women's events. Focus on breakthroughs in integrated push-off and sliding techniques alongside biomimetic innovation in high-performance equipment, while strengthening virtual reality and reactive simulation training. Establish an intelligent training adjustment system integrating rehabilitation, physical conditioning, and scientific research. Improve multidisciplinary coordination and datadriven decision-making mechanisms during competitions to form a scientific system covering the entire process from talent selection and training to support and competition participation.