中国体育科技

采用文化人类学的研究范式,通过田野调查、深度访谈以及文献资料调研等方法,从社会结构、内容形式、传承方式、价值追求以及内在动力等维度揭示了社会变迁对传统武术文化记忆与传承的影响。研究认为,沧州武术文化的变迁是现代化进程的必然趋势,也是文化变迁综合作用的结果;社会变迁带来了生存环境、社会环境、建成环境、社会结构、经济结构、文化和价值观念的改变,这些改变在较大程度上影响了传统武术的生存空间、发展路径、传承形式和价值诉求。社会变迁带给沧州武术文化的变迁表明:传统武术文化的变迁经历了发明、积累、传播和调适的演进过程,这一演进过程是社会对传统武术文化进行适应性遴选的结果;受众、传承人、时空和组织结构是武术传承的关键元素,失去任何一个环节,传统文化都将走向没落和衰亡;传统武术的没落首先是从个体记忆的淡化开始的,随即扩展到集体记忆的消失;社会变迁对传统武术文化活动的影响主要体现在受众诉求、传承人、时空和组织机构等关键的因素上;在社会变迁的背景下树立"球土化"意识,价值求同、形式存异、整合创新、与时俱进是现代武术文化传承的路径选择。

The methodology of cultural anthropology,with research methods such as field surveys,in-depth interviews and literature,this paper reveals the impact of social changes on the memory and heritage of traditional martial art culture from social structure,content and form,manner,meanings,and internal driving force.The result shows that the change of Cangzhou martial art culture is an inevitable modernization process,and a result of cultural change;changes in living environment,social environment,built environment,social structure,economic structure,culture and values caused by social changes.Those have affected living space,development path,form of inheritance and values of traditional martial arts to a large extent.It shows that traditional martial arts have experienced a development process of invention,accumulation,dissemination and adaptation,namely a result of natural selection by the society;audience,inheritor,and temporal and organizational structure are key to martial arts inheritance,and any of their losses will lead to a decline of traditional culture;the decline of traditional martial arts started with fading personal memory,and then with collective memory;the impact of social change on traditional martial arts activities is embodied in key factors such as audience,inheritor,and temporal and organizational structure;and it is necessary for inheritors to make sense of glocalization in the context of social change,seek common ground while reserving differences,and advance with the times through integration and innovation.