中国体育科技

探究人工智能(artificial intelligence,AI)对中国上市体育企业新质生产力的因果关系、适配理论和不同条件下的作用机制，对体育产业转型升级和发挥新动能作用具有重要意义。采用2015—2023年国泰安(CSMAR)、华证及财务报表数据构建统计模型，发现AI软、硬件投资对中国上市体育企业新质生产力具有稳健的促进式因果关系，且共同效应的促进效力更强，适配竞争优势理论，但年报AI词频关系链条并不可靠，印证学界对词频的质疑观点；在AI投资与体育企业新质生产力的因果关系中，不存在国际市场竞争力的中介效应，但不同条件下的作用效益迥异，AI软、硬件投资对新质生产力的劳动力维度和环境评级高条件下存在促进式因果关系，适配权衡理论假说和绿色经济理论；AI硬件投资在社会评级高、公司治理评级低条件下具有促进式因果关系，但支持论据为多项理论的博弈。立足中国社会实际和统计证据，提出实践启示：智慧抉择体育企业AI发展方向，实现有的放矢的因果关系增强效应；构建体育企业国际市场竞争力专项财税政策，针对性增强环境、社会、公司治理的促进式作用。

Exploring the causal relationship between artificial intelligence(AI) and the new quality productive forces(NQPF) of Chinese listed sports enterprises, assessing the fit of relevant theories, and examining the action mechanisms under different conditions hold significant implications for the transformation and upgrading of the sports industry and the unleashing of new growth drivers. Statistical models were constructed using panel data from 2015 to 2023 sourced from CSMAR, Huazheng ratings, and firm financial statements. The results showed that: Panel models estimated the causal effects of AI software investment and AI hardware investment, their joint effect, and whether international market competitiveness mediates the link. AI software and hardware investments exhibit a robust positive causal relationship with the NQPF of Chinese listed sports enterprises. Moreover, the combined effect of these investments demonstrates even stronger promoting effect, which aligns with the competitive advantage theory. However, the relationship chain based on AI-related word frequencies in annual reports proves unreliable, corroborating academic skepticism about word-frequency measures. In the causal relationship between AI investment and the NQPF of sports enterprises, there is no mediating effect of international market competitiveness. However, the effects vary significantly under different conditions. AI software and hardware investments exhibit a positive causal relationship with the labor dimension of NQPF when environmental ratings are high, which aligns with the trade-off hypothesis and green economy theory. Additionally, AI hardware investment shows a positive causal relationship under the conditions of high social ratings and low corporate governance ratings, yet the supporting evidence stems from the competition among multiple theories. Drawing on China's social realities and statistical evidence, the following practical implications were proposed: Make judicious choices regarding the AI development direction for sports enterprises to achieve a targeted enhancement of causal relationships. Formulate specialized fiscal and tax policies aimed at improving the international market competitiveness of sports enterprises, specifically to strengthen the positive promoting effects of environmental, social, and corporate governance factors.